Proof
Each claim with the measurement that settles it, the number, its uncertainty, the source with its DOI, and the line of the reproduction script that recomputes it. A claim missing any of the five is not listed.
Run python3 -I reproduce/reproduce.py in the site folder; each claim id below is a line of its output
(expected output). All DOIs resolve (checked against Crossref, 2026-11-07).
P01. The two-valued wave returns after 720 degrees of rotation, not 360.
- Measurement
- Neutron interferometer, precession angle at which the interference returns (Rauch et al. 1978)
- Number
- 716.8 deg
- Uncertainty
- 3.8 deg (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.1007/BF01321193
- Recomputed
- z from 720: -0.84; z from 360: +93.9 (reproduce.py, line P01)
P02. No pair of preset answers carried by the two ends reproduces the Bell correlations.
- Measurement
- CHSH number S, photon pairs (Aspect, Grangier, Roger 1982)
- Number
- S = 2.697
- Uncertainty
- 0.015 (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.49.91
- Recomputed
- 46.5 sigma above the preset-answer limit 2 (reproduce.py, line P02)
P03. The same holds with the detection and locality loopholes closed together.
- Measurement
- CHSH number S, electron spins 1.3 km apart (Hensen et al. 2015)
- Number
- S = 2.42
- Uncertainty
- 0.20 (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.1038/nature15759
- Recomputed
- 2.1 sigma above 2 (reproduce.py, line P03)
P04. The correlation survives over 1,203 km; it is not tied to places.
- Measurement
- CHSH number S, satellite to two ground stations (Yin et al. 2017)
- Number
- S = 2.37
- Uncertainty
- 0.09 (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.1126/science.aan3211
- Recomputed
- 4.1 sigma above 2 (reproduce.py, line P04)
P05. No large fourth spatial direction is open to gravity at laboratory range.
- Measurement
- Torsion balance, inverse-square law (Lee et al. 2020)
- Number
- Yukawa range of gravitational strength < 38.6 um
- Uncertainty
- 95 % confidence bound
- Source
- doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.101101
- Recomputed
- a three-direction inverse square predicts no deviation: inside the bound (reproduce.py, line P05)
P06. No small curled direction shows its tower of heavy copies, in the models searched.
- Measurement
- High-mass diphoton events at 13 TeV (CMS 2018)
- Number
- first Randall-Sundrum graviton > 2.3 to 4.6 TeV
- Uncertainty
- 95 % confidence bound (couplings 0.01 to 0.2)
- Source
- doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.98.092001
- Recomputed
- no excitation seen: a fixed mass inside the range is excluded (reproduce.py, line P06)
P07. A clock's rate follows the gravitational potential exactly (redshift coefficient alpha = 0).
- Measurement
- Clock comparisons: Pound and Snider 1965, Gravity Probe A 1980, Galileo 5 and 6 (Delva et al. 2018), combined
- Number
- alpha = 1.68e-06
- Uncertainty
- 2.34e-05 (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.231101
- Recomputed
- combined +0.07 sigma from 0; chi2 = 0.0232, p = 0.999 (reproduce.py, line P07)
P08. Light past the Sun bends by the full amount (gamma = 1); the clock-rate half alone is contradicted.
- Measurement
- Cassini Shapiro delay (Bertotti et al. 2003) with geodetic VLBI (Lambert and Le Poncin-Lafitte 2011)
- Number
- gamma - 1 = 1.74e-05
- Uncertainty
- 2.26e-05 (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.1038/nature01997
- Recomputed
- full bending +0.77 sigma; half bending +44270 sigma (reproduce.py, line P08)
P09. A moving clock runs slow by the time-dilation factor, at 10^18 g of acceleration.
- Measurement
- Muon lifetimes in the CERN storage ring (Bailey et al. 1977)
- Number
- 64.368 and 64.419 us
- Uncertainty
- 0.029 and 0.058 us, plus the common gamma error
- Source
- doi:10.1038/268301a0
- Recomputed
- against 64.4309 us: residuals [-0.14, -0.94] (reproduce.py, line P09)
P10. Flown clocks gain and lose exactly as gravity and speed predict.
- Measurement
- Atomic clocks flown round the world (Hafele and Keating 1972)
- Number
- east -59 ns, west +273 ns
- Uncertainty
- 10 ns and 7 ns (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.1126/science.177.4044.168
- Recomputed
- residuals against the flight-log predictions [-0.76, -0.09] (reproduce.py, line P10)
P11. Antimatter falls; it does not rise.
- Measurement
- Antihydrogen in a vertical trap (ALPHA-g, Anderson et al. 2023)
- Number
- 0.75 g
- Uncertainty
- 0.21 g (1 sigma, statistical and simulation in quadrature)
- Source
- doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06527-1
- Recomputed
- falls at 1 g: -1.21 sigma; rises at -1 g: +8.5 sigma (reproduce.py, line P11)
P12. A spinning Earth drags the gyroscopes; a static, rotation-free gravity map is contradicted.
- Measurement
- Gravity Probe B frame-dragging drift (Everitt et al. 2011)
- Number
- 37.2 mas/yr
- Uncertainty
- 7.2 mas/yr (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.221101
- Recomputed
- no rotation term predicts 0: +5.17 sigma (reproduce.py, line P12)
P13. Mercury's perihelion advance matches general relativity (beta = 1).
- Measurement
- Ranging to MESSENGER, PPN beta with Cassini gamma (Park et al. 2017)
- Number
- beta - 1 = -2.7e-5
- Uncertainty
- 3.9e-5 (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa5be2
- Recomputed
- beta = 1: -0.69 sigma (reproduce.py, line P13)
P14. Integer energy levels alone do not give hydrogen's 1S-2S interval; the QED shifts are needed.
- Measurement
- Hydrogen 1S-2S two-photon spectroscopy (Parthey et al. 2011)
- Number
- 2 466 061 413 187 035 Hz
- Uncertainty
- 10 Hz (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.203001
- Recomputed
- Bohr ladder misses by 2.299e+10 Hz; Dirac levels by -7.106e+09 Hz (reproduce.py, line P14)
P15. All bodies fall alike (titanium and platinum).
- Measurement
- MICROSCOPE satellite, Eotvos parameter (Touboul et al. 2022)
- Number
- eta = -1.5e-15
- Uncertainty
- 2.7e-15 (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.121102
- Recomputed
- universal free fall predicts 0: -0.56 sigma (reproduce.py, line P15)
P16. The double pulsar loses orbital energy to gravitational waves at the predicted rate.
- Measurement
- Double pulsar J0737-3039 orbital decay, observed over predicted (Kramer et al. 2021)
- Number
- 0.999963
- Uncertainty
- 6.3e-5 (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.11.041050
- Recomputed
- ratio 1: -0.59 sigma (reproduce.py, line P16)
P17. Clocks one millimetre apart in height tick at different rates, by g/c^2 per metre.
- Measurement
- Strontium lattice clock, rate gradient across the sample (Bothwell et al. 2022)
- Number
- 9.8e-20 per mm
- Uncertainty
- 2.3e-20 per mm (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04349-7
- Recomputed
- against 1.09e-19 per mm: -0.48 sigma (reproduce.py, line P17)
P18. Light leaving the Sun is redshifted by the potential difference to Earth.
- Measurement
- Solar spectrum via Moon light, HARPS laser comb (Gonzalez Hernandez et al. 2020)
- Number
- 638 m/s
- Uncertainty
- 6 m/s (1 sigma)
- Source
- doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038937
- Recomputed
- against 633.1 m/s: +0.81 sigma (reproduce.py, line P18)
Scope: each claim is stated as the measurement allows, within the quoted confidence and the models named; a bound is a bound, not a value.